Long-acting β-agonists used as monotherapy in asthma increases the risk of:

Long-acting β-agonists (LABAs) are bronchodilators that provide extended relief from asthma symptoms by relaxing the muscles around the airways, allowing for easier airflow. However, when used alone—without an inhaled corticosteroid—LABAs do not address the underlying inflammation that is characteristic of asthma. This omission can lead to an increase in severe asthma exacerbations.

In asthma management, the key to reducing exacerbations is not only to relieve symptoms transiently but also to control the underlying inflammation. When LABAs are employed as monotherapy, patients may experience temporary symptom relief, but they may remain at risk for worsening inflammation, leading to more severe episodes of asthma. Clinical guidelines consistently advocate for the combination of LABAs with inhaled corticosteroids to enhance both symptom control and reduce exacerbation rates.

The other options do not align with the risk profile associated with LABA monotherapy. For instance, asthma remission is a state wherein symptoms are controlled without medication, which does not apply when LABAs are used as a single treatment. Mild asthma symptoms would typically not increase in severity from LABA use without accompanying treatment for inflammation, and allergic reactions are not a recognized risk factor specifically attributed to LABAs used in this context.