How does air pollution primarily affect individuals with asthma?

Air pollution significantly impacts individuals with asthma by triggering asthma attacks and exacerbating existing symptoms. Pollutants such as particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide can irritate the airways, leading to inflammation and increased sensitivity. This inflammation can make it more difficult for individuals with asthma to breathe and can result in the tightening of the muscles around the airways, known as bronchoconstriction. Consequently, exposure to air pollution may lead to increased frequency and severity of asthma attacks, requiring additional medication or intervention to manage symptoms effectively.

Furthermore, long-term exposure to air pollution can contribute to a gradual decline in lung function over time, making it essential for individuals with asthma to minimize their exposure to polluted air. Understanding the strong correlation between air quality and asthma symptoms helps patients and healthcare providers develop better management strategies for those affected by the condition.